四川旺苍大河坝浅变质岩型石墨矿床地球化学特征与成因分析     

段威  唐文春  黎龙昌  冉强  张飞  李小松  徐永胜 《现代地质》2021,35(3):599-607

大河坝石墨矿是川北米仓山南缘石墨矿带新发现的大型显晶质石墨矿床。研究了该矿床的地质特征和矿石主量、微量及稀土元素地球化学特征,结果表明:含矿岩层为副变质岩,矿区石墨矿体原岩沉积于缺氧的还原环境,原岩为一套含碳质黏土质细—粉砂岩及含碳质泥灰岩组合。微量元素特征指示矿体原岩由近海陆源碎屑物沉积形成,沉积水体主要为盐度较低的、混合不均匀的淡水—半咸水。矿石ΣREE平均值为150×10^-6,与泥灰岩相近;δCe值平均为0.91,呈弱负异常,δEu值平均为0.67,呈负异常,具滨海潮坪相沉积特征。含矿岩石δ¹³C值为-21.4‰~-19.0‰,平均为-19.86‰,表明成矿碳质来源主要为有机碳,并混合了部分无机碳。矿床成因类型为沉积变质型,其变质作用可能包括多次区域变质作用并叠加了混合岩化作用。  相似文献   

西湖凹陷杭州斜坡构造差异及其对成藏的影响     

崔敏  徐建永  郭刚  谢晓军  祁鹏  肖曦  王欣 《现代地质》2021,35(4):1106-1113

杭州斜坡是西湖凹陷油气勘探的新区,构造特征的研究是开展石油地质条件研究的基础。通过对杭州斜坡的结构、主控断裂的演化及其对油气运移控制作用的分析,探讨了斜坡结构差异及其对油气成藏的影响。研究结果表明:杭州斜坡分为北段、中段和南段三个部分,中段断层走向为北北东向,单个断层的延伸长度小但数量多,存在倾向东和倾向西的顺向断层和反向断层。迎翠轩主断裂在平湖组沉积时期持续活动,杭州斜坡中段在平湖组中段下部沉积时期断层活动最强,最大落差达800 m。迎翠轩主断层走向变化、断层两侧砂岩含量和岩性反演结果表明,杭州斜坡中段断层上升盘的砂体发育程度较北段差,封堵性优于北段。关键成藏期(23 Ma和12 Ma)杭州斜坡中段处在有利的油气运移通道之上,迎翠轩主断裂中段在15 Ma后基本不活动,有利于下降盘的油气聚集。  相似文献   

广东省揭阳市土壤铅的空间分布特征及影响因素     

臧传子  温汉辉  蔡立梅  罗杰  徐述邦  梅敬娴 《现代地质》2021,35(5):1425-1432

以广东省揭阳市土壤为研究对象,采集了表层土壤(0~20 cm)样1 330个和深层土壤(>150 cm)样331个,测定了土壤Pb含量。利用GIS空间分析技术、半变异函数拟合和方差分析等方法研究土壤Pb含量的空间结构、特征和影响因素。结果显示: 揭阳市不存在明显的土壤Pb污染,表层土壤Pb含量平均值39.26 mg/kg,低于揭阳市土壤Pb背景值(43.71 mg/kg),略高于广东省土壤Pb背景值(36.00 mg/kg);富集因子表明研究区表层土壤Pb富集程度主要为无富集和轻微富集,分别占52.11%和42.63%,Pb富集不明显;研究区表层土壤Pb空间分布呈中等自相关性;表层土壤Pb高值区主要分布在人类活动影响强烈的东部和南部地区。按土地利用、成土母质、土壤类型及其理化性质的分类统计表明,林地及未利用地表层土壤Pb含量最高;页岩风化形成的土壤Pb含量显著高于其他成土母质区土壤;黄壤Pb含量相对较高;有机碳和pH值均与土壤Pb含量呈显著正相关。  相似文献   

Reservoir Characteristics and Genetic Mechanisms of the Mesozoic Granite Buried Hills in the Deep‐water of the Qiongdongnan Basin,Northern South China Sea     

YOU Li  XU Shouli  MAO Xuelian  ZHONG Ji  JIAO Yaoqi  XIONG Xiaofeng 《《地质学报》英文版》2021,95(1):259-267

Due to its structure,rock and mineral composition,fluid and other factors,the granite Buried Hill Reservoir is highly heterogeneous with a complex longitudinal structure and a reservoir space made up of a combination of dissolution pores and fractures.This paper is based on current understanding of tectonic evolution in the northern part of the South China Sea,in conjunction with the seismic phase characteristics.It is determined that the meshed fault system was formed by three stages of movement-tectonic compression orogeny during the Indochinese epoch,strike-slip compression-tension during the Yanshanian Period,early fracture extension activation during the Himalayan-which controlled the distribution of the Buried Hill Reservoir.Drilling revealed two types of buried hills,faulted anticline and fault horst,their longitudinal structure and the reservoir space type being significantly different.The mineral composition,reservoir space and diagenetic characteristics of the reservoir rocks and minerals were analyzed by lithogeochemistry,micro section and logging etc.,it thus being determined that the Mesozoic rocks of the Songnan Low Uplift in the Qiongdongnan Basin are mainly composed of syenogranite,granodiorite,monzogranite,which is the material basis for the development of the Buried Hill Reservoir.The content of felsic and other brittle minerals is more than 70%,making it easy for it to be transformed into fractures.At the same time,the weathering resistance of granodiorite and monzogranite is weaker than that of syenogranite,which is easily weathered and destroyed,forming a thick sand gravel weathering zone.With increasing depth of burial,weathering and dissolution gradually weaken,the deep acidic fluid improving the reservoir property of internal fractures and expanding the vertical distribution range of the reservoirs.The research results lay a foundation for the exploration of Buried Hill in the deep-water area of the Qiongdongnan Basin.  相似文献   

Distribution Prediction of Middle-deep Lacustrine Source Rocks in Eocene Wenchang Formation in the Kaiping Sag,Pearl Mouth Basin     

XIONG Lianqiao  XIE Xiaojun  ZHAO Zhao  ZHANG Chunyu  WANG Long  LIAO Jihu  CAI Lulu  XU Wei 《《地质学报》英文版》2021,95(1):248-258

Oil and gas shows are rich in drilling wells in Kaiping sag,however,large oilfield was still not found in this area.For a long time,it is thought that source rocks were developed in the middle-deep lacustrine facies in the Eocene Wenchang Formation,while there is no source rocks that in middle-deep lacustrine facies have been found in well.Thickness of Wenchang Formation is big and reservoirs with good properties could be found in this formation.Distribution and scale of source rock are significant for further direction of petroleum exploration.Distribution characterization of middle-deep lacustrine facies is the base for source rock research.Based on the sedimentary background,fault activity rate,seismic response features,and seismic attributes were analyzed.No limited classification method and multi-attributes neural network deep learning method were used for predicting of source rock distribution in Wenchang Formation.It is found that during the deposition of lower Wenchang Formation,activity rate of main fault controlling the sub sag sedimentation was bigger than 100 m/Ma,which formed development background for middle-deep lacustrine facies.Compared with the seismic response of middle-deep lacustrine source rocks developed in Zhu I depression,those in Kaiping sag are characterized in low frequency and good continuity.Through RGB frequency decomposition,areas with low frequency are main distribution parts for middle-deep lacustrine facies.Dominant frequency,instantaneous frequency,and coherency attributes of seismic could be used in no limited classification method for further identification of middle-deep lacustrine facies.Based on the limitation of geology knowledge,multi-attributes of seismic were analyzed through neural network deep learning method.Distribution of middle-deep lacustrine facies in the fourth member of Wenchang Formation is oriented from west to east and is the largest.Square of the middle-deep lacustrine facies in that member is 154 km²and the volume is 50 km³.Achievements could be bases for hydrocarbon accumulation study and for exploration target optimization in Kaiping sag.  相似文献   

云南省者竜—嘎洒地区Cr、Ni地球化学特征及土壤污染风险防控建议     

吴松  陈政  李元彬  黄钊  张林  许胜超  王开贵 《物探与化探》2021,(2):517-527

依据云南省者竜—嘎洒地区土地质量地球化学调查数据,研究了表层土壤中Cr、Ni地球化学特征及主要影响因素,分析了农产品Cr、Ni含量特征。结果表明,研究区表层土壤中Cr、Ni含量受控于地质背景,光山—和平丫口岩体(σ)发育的土壤中Cr、Ni含量明显高于其他地层发育的土壤;不同类型土壤中Cr、Ni含量差异较大,且土地利用方式也会对土壤中Cr、Ni含量产生一定影响;研究区玉米、柑橘、茶叶、甘蔗、香蕉、核桃等农产品Cr、Ni含量均未超标,仅11件水稻Cr含量超过国家标准,占水稻样品总数的11.3%,区内农产品安全性总体较好;区内农用地(水田、旱地、园地、草地)面积为554.73km²,其中无风险(含量低于筛选值)面积为408.61km²,占比为73.66%,风险可控(含量在筛选值与管制值之间)面积为112.96km²,占比为20.36%,风险较高(含量>管制值)面积为33.16km²,占比为5.98%,土壤环境质量总体较好。针对部分土壤存在Cr、Ni污染风险问题,从水土保持、施肥方式、水旱轮作等角度提出了污染防控措施建议。  相似文献   

Enrichment Patterns and New Discovery of Deep Lacustrine Shale Oil in the Upper Cretaceous Qingshankou Formation,Songliao Basin,NE China     

LIU Weibin  XU Xingyou  BAI Jing  LIU Chang  CHEN Shan  LI Yaohua 《《地质学报》英文版》2021,95(4):1426-1428

正Objective The Songliao Basin is located in northeastern China. The Upper Cretaceous Qingshankou Formation(Fm.)(K2 qn), Yaojia Fm.(K2 y), and Nenjiang Fm.(K2 n) were deposited in its depression. The sediments are mainly continental clastic rocks. The first member of the Qingshankou Fm.(K2 qn1) in the southern Songliao Basin mainly comprises semi-deep to deep lacustrine shale of large thickness, generally 30,100 m, with wide distribution; the thickness of the shale has an average thickness of 70 m.  相似文献   

Comparative Study of Acid and Alkaline Stimulants with Granite in an Enhanced Geothermal System     

XU Jianan  FENG Bo  CUI Zhenpeng  LIU Xiyao  KE Zunsong  FENG Guanhong 《《地质学报》英文版》2021,95(6):1926-1939

The Enhanced Geothermal System (EGS) is an artificial geothermal system that aims to economically extract heat from hot dry rock (HDR) through the creation of an artificial geothermal reservoir. Chemical stimulation is thought to be an effective method to create fracture networks and open existing fractures in hot dry rocks by injecting chemical agents into the reservoir to dissolve the minerals. Granite is a common type of hot dry rock. In this paper, a series of chemical stimulation experiments were implemented using acid and alkaline agents under high temperature and pressure conditions that mimic the environment of formation. Granite rock samples used in the experiments are collected from the potential EGS reservoir in the Matouying area, Hebei, China. Laboratory experimental results show that the corrosion ratio per unit area of rock is 3.2% in static acid chemical experiments and 0.51% in static alkaline chemical experiments. The permeability of the core is increased by 1.62 times in dynamic acid chemical experiments and 2.45 times in dynamic alkaline chemical experiments. A scanning electron microscope analysis of the core illustrates that secondary minerals, such as chlorite, spherical silica, and montmorillonite, were formed, due to acid-rock interaction with plagioclase being precipitated by alkaline-rock interactions. Masking agents in alkaline chemical agents can slightly reduce the degree of plagioclase formation. A chemical simulation model was built using TOUGHREACT, the mineral dissolution and associated ion concentration variation being reproduced by this reactive transport model.  相似文献   

北京平原区土壤地球化学特征及影响因素分析     

李欢  黄勇  张沁瑞  贾三满  徐国志  冶北北  韩冰 《物探与化探》2021,(2):502-516

基于北京平原区土壤地球化学调查数据,运用数理统计、因子分析、相关性分析、回归分析等方法研究了土壤元素的横向和纵向分布特征,并探讨其影响因素。结果表明:北京平原区土壤CaO、MgO、Na 2O、Hg、Cd、Sr、Ba、Sn等含量偏高,Sb、As、Th、W、Br、U、I、Mo、有机质等含量偏低。R型因子分析结果显示,F1因子为反映土壤原始背景特征的元素组合,F2、F4、F6因子为反映人类活动对土壤元素分布特征影响的元素组合,F3因子为反映成土母质基本信息的元素组合,F5因子为反映成土母岩基本特征的元素组合。利用一元非线性回归分析对部分元素的垂向分布特征进行数学建模,回归系数R 2值为0.542~0.960,拟合效果总体较好;从区域尺度上初步判断出人类活动对重金属元素Cu、Hg、Pb、Zn影响深度约150~200 cm,对养分指标N、P、S、Se、有机质影响深度约50~100 cm。一般情况下,褐土中Se、Bi、Li、有机质、Mo、W等39项元素与指标的含量高于潮土,不同土壤质地中As、Cd、Cr、Ni、N、B等29项元素含量的大小关系为:砂质壤土<砂质黏壤土<黏壤土<壤质黏土,耕地土壤中Cd、N、P、有机质含量明显高于林地,中心城区土壤中有害重金属元素、养分指标的含量普遍高于郊区。  相似文献   

Geochemistry and Tectonic History of Seamount Remnants in the Xingshuwa Subduction Accretionary Complex of the Xar Moron Area,Eastern Margin of the Central Asian Orogenic Belt     

CHENG Yang  XIAO Qinghui  LI Tingdong  LI Yan  FAN Yuxu  XU Liquan  GUO Lingju  PANG Jinli 《《地质学报》英文版》2021,95(4):1086-1098

This study focuses on the geology, geochemistry, zircon U-Pb geochronology and tectonic settings of the three types of seamount basalts from the Xingshuwa subduction accretionary complex in the Xar Moron area, eastern margin of the Central Asian Orogenic Belt(CAOB). The seamount remnants are composed of carbonate 'cap' sediments, large volumes of pillow and massive basalts, carbonate breccia slope facies and radiolarian cherts. Group 1 basalts are characterized by high contents of P2 O5 and TiO2 with alkaline affinity and LREE enrichment, indicating that they are derived from intraplate magma. Group 2 basalts display N-MORB LREE depletion patterns, indicating that they were formed at a mid-ocean ridge. Group 3 basalts have shown distinct Nb depletion and high Th/Yb ratios, indicating that they were generated in an island arc tectonic setting. The zircon U-Pb age of Group 1 basalt sample XWT18-131 is 576.4 ± 9.4 Ma, suggesting that the oceanic island seamount was the product of intraplate magmatism related to a mantle plume or 'hot spot' in the late Neoproterozoic. The zircon U-Pb age of Group 2 basalt sample XWT18-132 is 483 ± 22 Ma, indicating that the Paleo-Asian Ocean(PAO) was continuously expanding in the Early Ordovician. The zircon U-Pb age of Group 3 basalt sample XWT18-101 is 240.5 ± 8.2 Ma, suggesting that this area underwent the evolutionary path of ocean-continent transition, developing towards continentalization during the Middle Triassic. Thus, we believe that there was both mantle plume-related intraplate magmatism and intraoceanic subduction during the evolution of the PAO, the CAOB possibly being an evolutionary model of an intraoceanic subduction and mantle plume magmatism complex.  相似文献